![]() The dawn of the atomic age increased the urgency and popular appeal of pacifism, and the ranks of the postwar peace movement swelled. Although sectarian pacifists had remained aloof from the interwar peace movement, they co-operated with liberal pacifists during the war in an effort to ensure the exemption of conscientious objectors from military service. The movement narrowed to a few Christian pacifists, primarily United Church ministers in the Fellowship of Reconciliation, who publicly reaffirmed their pacifism in the controversial "Witness Against War" manifesto and were repudiated by their own church Under Woodsworth's leadership, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation became the major political expression of this pacifist-socialist alignment.Īt mid-decade, however, social radicals began to abandon pacifism for the fight against fascism in Spain, and by WWII even the CCF altered its traditional neutralist foreign policy, leaving only Woodsworth in Parliament to voice the pacifist position. By the early 1930s it had expanded into a broad front representing various religious and political persuasions, but it was united by the Depression in the quest for socioeconomic While Woodsworth and Agnes Macphail pressed the peace issue in Parliament, and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom led a campaign to abolish cadet training and militarism in schools, an interwar The postwar resurgence of liberal pacifism was fueled by both disillusionment with war and support for the League of Nations and disarmament. (Most anticonscription sentiment, notably in Québec, was not based upon pacifist belief.) Liberal Pacificism Resurfaces Ivens, renegade Methodist ministers who openly broke with their church in opposition to conscription. During the war, however, the liberal peace movement disintegrated, leaving only a few committed pacifists such as J.S. Groups had endorsed that principle before the outbreak of WWI. Nearly all political, church, farm, labour and women's Liberal pacifism in Canada began with the progressive peace movement at the turn of the century, which emphasized international arbitration and conciliation as the best way to achieve world order. The second tradition, which attracted popular support, is the liberal Protestant and humanitarian reform tradition, based upon the pacifist teachings of Jesus and belief in the irrationality of war and the brotherhood of man. ![]() Pacifist witness, particularly as conscientious objectors during both world wars. Sectarian pacifists have provided the largest and most consistent They received specific exemptions from military obligations, and thus their immunity became entrenched in Canadian law and custom. The right to live according to their pacifist beliefs. By the beginning of the 20th century, the Quakers, Mennonites, Hutterites and Doukhobors had been guaranteed One is sectarian pacifism, the historic nonresistance of pacifist religious sects that have tried to remain separate from the mainstream of Canadian society. In Canada, pacifism is rooted in two traditions.
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